Jump statements with Examples in C | Break, Continue, return, and goto in C

 Jump statements in C :

C has four statements that perform an unconditional branch: return, goto, break and continue. Of these, you can use return and goto statements anywhere in the program. We can use a break and continue statements in conjunction with any of the loop statements.

1. break

2. continue

3. return

4. goto

break statement: The break statement has two uses. One is, to terminate a case in a switch statement.  The second one is to immediate termination of a loop. When a break statement is encountered in a loop, the loop is immediately terminated, and program control resumes at the next statement following the loop.

 syntax: 

                   for ( ...... )

                   {

                        //code to execute

                        break ;

                   }

    Flow chart:

               

Example: Program for break statement in C.

    Program:

    

    Output:

   Explanation: The loop gets terminated when i=3. 

Exit(): Just as you can break out of a loop you can break out of a program by using the standard library function exit(). The exit function requires the header <stdlib.h>

syntax: void exit(int return code)

   The value of the return code is a return to the calling process, which is usually the operation system. Zero is commonly used as a return code for normal program termination. Other arguments are used to indicate some sort of error. 

Example: Program for exit statement in C.

   Program:

    Output:

continue:  The continue statement skips some lines of code inside the loop after the continue statement and continues with the next iteration. It is mainly used for a particular condition so that we can skip some part of the code.

 syntax: // loop code

                continue ;

                //statements   [controller will skip this code based on the condition]

  flow chart: 

          

   Example: program for continue statement in C.

   Output:

return: The return statement is used to return a value from the function. it causes execution to return to the point at which the call to the function was made. A return with a value can be used only in a function with a non-void return type.

 syntax: return expression;

 Example: function with return statement :

                   int fun()

                   {

                         // code to be executed

                         return value;   // value will be returned to the calling function

                    } 

                  function without return statement :

                     void fun()

                     {

                          // code to be executed

                     }            

        we will discuss more functions in upcoming topics.

goto:  The goto statement requires a Label for operation. A Label is a valid identifier followed by a colon. The Label must be in the same function as the function uses it, you cannot jump between the functions. 

 syntax: label name :

                      // set of code

                      goto label name; 

  Example: Program for goto statement in C.

   Program:

    Output:

    The break statement exits only one loop, a goto statement may be used to exit a loop from a nested loop. The goto statement is executed until the condition is false.

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